Designed by Japanese firearms designer Tsuneyoshi Murata. The type 18 was an update to the type 13 Murata, Japan's first domestically produced military rifle. The designation “Type 18” comes from the time when it was adopted, which was the 18th year of the rule of Meiji Emperor, which in this case dates to 1885. The Type 18 is still a single shot rifle, like the 13, and is chambered for the 11mm Murata (11x60mm Murata). The bolt is a rather simple design and utilizes the same leaf spring system to actuate and cock the bolt to fire, as was found in the Dutch model 71 Beaumont rifles. This example still retains its Chrysanthemum but it has been crossed out indicating this rifle was withdrawn from active military service and was retained as a training rifle. Stock cartouche is worn but still present on the right side of the buttstock. “81” has been painted onto the right side of the buttstock, this is likley a rack number.